Kyosho MINI-Z AWD TOYOTA SPRINTER TRUENO AE86 "INITIAL D" PROJECT D FINAL VERSION

The kind of vehicle the maker sells it as. It sets what the car is built to do and which cars it is fair to compare it with.

• Drift cars are set up to slide through corners on hard plastic tires, with the rear wheels turning faster than the front or driven alone.

All four wheels are driven, which puts power down more evenly and keeps the car steadier accelerating out of corners.

• The cost is more parts to maintain.
• Some drift cars are 4WD with the rear geared to turn faster than the front, which is the counter-steer ratio.

A brushed motor carries current through carbon brushes that rub on the commutator.

• It is cheaper and smooth at low speed.
• The brushes wear and the motor loses power over time.

Ready to run: built at the factory with the electronics installed.

• Some come without a battery or charger; the maker's box contents say which.

The maker's product number for this exact version.

• A V2, a new color, or a kit instead of an RTR usually has a different number, and parts can differ between them.
• Check it against your box or receipt before ordering parts.

The small gear on the motor shaft. Fewer teeth gear the car shorter: quicker acceleration, lower top speed and a cooler motor. More teeth do the opposite.

• On this car one tooth changes the gearing by about 6.7%.
• A bigger pinion loads the motor and ESC harder, so check the maker's gearing chart and feel the motor temperature after a run.

The large gear the pinion drives. A bigger spur with the same pinion gears the car shorter.

• Pinion and spur must have the same pitch, or tooth size, to mesh.

Every reduction after the spur, multiplied together: transmission, differentials and axle gears.

• It is fixed by the design; the gearing you change is the pinion and spur.
• This one is worked out from the tooth counts the maker publishes.
• On a belt-driven drift chassis it takes in the pulley ratios as well.

How many times the motor turns for one turn of the wheels. A higher number is shorter gearing: more acceleration and pulling power, less top speed.

• Drift cars are geared for fine throttle control through a slide more than for top speed.

The pinion sizes the maker lists for the stock setup.

• Going larger than the maker's limit gears the car taller than the motor and ESC are meant to run, which risks overheating them.
• The Target pinion calculator shows what each size does to speed.

The outside diameter of the mounted tire, tread to tread. A taller tire covers more ground each turn, which gears the car taller.

• Drift tires are hard plastic and barely change size as they wear, so the gearing stays put.

Stock wheel offset: A documented stock wheel, tire, or axle measurement. Stock dimensions alone do not establish the largest size that will clear the body and suspension.

Brushed motors are commonly described by can size and turns. No motor KV is published for this vehicle; turns alone cannot supply an exact value.

The highest LiPo cell count the maker rates the electronics for.

• The maker does not publish it.

The stock transmitter, the radio you hold.

A transmitter comes in the box, already bound to the car's receiver.

No drive battery comes in the box.

• Buy one with the right plug and a cell count the ESC is rated for (the Battery row under Power).

Other items the maker lists in the box.

Theoretical top speed is unavailable because motor KV, rated battery cell count and stock tire outside diameter are missing.

• Enter the missing inputs in the calculator to work out a theoretical speed.

The vehicle's weight as the maker states it.

• The maker does not say whether it includes a battery.
• More weight takes more power to accelerate and lands harder on the parts; it changes top speed very little.

Overall length as the maker states it, usually with the body fitted.

• Useful for comparing real size, since scale labels are loose.

Overall width as the maker states it, usually with the body fitted.

• A wider car is more stable in corners and harder to roll over.

Overall height as the maker states it, usually with the body fitted.

• Useful when checking it fits a shelf, a bag or a car trunk.

The distance between the front and rear axle centers. A longer wheelbase is steadier at speed and over bumps; a shorter one turns more tightly.